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Acute Nutritional Neuropathy

General Axons   Myelin Loss   Schwann cell pathology   Myelin pathology   Unmyelinated Wallerian Degeneration Cell processes

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H&E stain

Myelinated Axons
  Reduced number
  Damaged myelin (Loss of staining)

H&E stain

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Gomori trichrome stain

Myelinated Axons
  Reduced number
  Damaged myelin (Loss of red color)

Gomori trichrome stain

Gomori trichrome stain

Myelinated Axons
  Reduced number
  Damaged myelin (Loss of staining)

VvG stain

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Acute Nutritional Neuropathy: Wallerian Degeneration

Acid phosphatase stain

Myelin Sheaths
  Diffusely stained by acid phosphatase

Acid phosphatase stain

Acid phosphatase stain

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Neurofilament stain

Myelinated Axons
  Loss of neurofilament stain
  Neurofilament stain: Diffuse through some myelin sheaths
Unmyelinated Axons
  Preserved numbers

Neurofilament stain

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Neurofilament (Green), Myelin basic protein (Red) stain

Neurofilament stained axons in sural nerve (Yellow)
  Lost within many MBP stained myelin sheaths (Red)
  Unmyelinated Axons: preserved numbers (Green)

Neurofilament (Green), Myelin basic protein (Red) stain

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Neurofilament (Green), Myelin basic protein (Red) stain

Neurofilament stained axons in anterior interosseus nerve (Yellow)
  Lost within some MBP stained myelin sheaths (Red)
  Unmyelinated Axons: preserved numbers (Green)

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Neurofilament (Green), Myelin basic protein (Red) stain

Acute & Chronic loss of myelinated axons in sural nerves
  Acute loss: MBP-stained myelin sheaths without axons
  Chronic loss: Reduced numbers of MBP-stained myelin sheaths

Neurofilament (Green), Myelin basic protein (Red) stain

Neurofilament (Green), Myelin basic protein (Red) stain

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C5b-9 stain

Myelin Degeneration with Axon loss
  C_5b-9 stains in & around myelin sheaths

C5b-9 stain

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From: R Schmidt

Myelin Damage & Ovoids
Schwann Cells
  Some contain Lipid debris

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

Myelin Damage: Lipid Droplets & Ovoids in Schwann cells

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

Myelin Damage: Lipid Droplets & Ovoids in Schwann cells

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

Myelin Damage: Lipid Droplets & Myelin debris in Schwann cells

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

Myelin Damage: Lipid Droplets & Myelin debris in Schwann cells

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

Myelin Damage: Lipid Droplets & some Myelin debris in Schwann cells

From: R Schmidt

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Lipid Droplets in an endoneurial cell

From: R Schmidt

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From: R Schmidt

Lipid Droplets & Myelin debris segregated in different Schwann cell processes

From: R Schmidt

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Cell Processes: Other

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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Axons: Large & Abnormal Structure with no surrounding Myelin

From: R Schmidt

Axons surronded by thin Schwann cell processes containing Myelin, or Lipid, Debris

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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From: R Schmidt

Axons surronded by multiple small Schwann cell processes

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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From: R Schmidt

Axons surronded by layers of Schwann cell processes

From: R Schmidt

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Schwann cells around Axons: Contain Myelin Degradation Products

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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Myelin Pathology: Early

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

From: R Schmidt

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Non-Myelinating Schwann Cells & Unmyelinated Small Axons

NCAM stain

NCAM stain

Neurofilament (Green), NCAM (Red) stain

Neurofilament (Green), NCAM (Red) stain

Neurofilament (Green), NCAM (Red) stain

Neurofilament (Green), NCAM (Red) stain

Neurofilament (Green), NCAM (Red) stain

From: R Schmidt

Unmyelinated Axons
  Numbers: Relatively preserved; Several per Schwann cell
Non-myeliinating Schwann cells
  May have pale cytoplasm (Below)

From: R Schmidt

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Neurofilament (Green)stain

Small Axons
  May appear beaded
  Numbers: Mildly reduced

Neurofilament (Green), NCAM (Red) stain

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From: R Schmidt

Myelinated Axons
  A few have preserved structure

From: R Schmidt

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1/13/2026