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Calcium Deposits

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Calcium in Muscle

H & E stain

H & E stain

H & E stain

Congo red stain

Alizarin red stain

Acid phosphatase stain

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Calcium in Vessel walls

Risk factors

• Clinical
  • Age: Increased
  • Renal disease: Uremia; Dialysis duration
  • Diabetes
  • Coronary artey disease
  • Bone abnormal
• Medications
  • Calcium containing phosphate binders
  • Vitamin D: High dose
  • Coumadin: Reduces active Matrix Gla protein (MGP)
• Biochemical
  • Phosphate: High
  • Calcium: High
  • Parathyroid hormone: High
  • Fetuin A: Low
  • Aldosterone: High
  • Oxidative stress
  • Pyrophosphate: Low
  • MGP: Low
  • BMP-7: Low

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Calcium: Deposits selectively in Vessel walls

Alizarin red stain

Alizarin red stain

Calcium: Punctate deposits in Vessel walls

Alizarin red stain

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Alizarin red stain

Calcium in Endomysium & Capillary walls

Alizarin red stain

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8/11/2020